1. Core Framework: "Getting to Zero" (Barry et al., 2016) The primary thesis established by Barry et al. in Current Epidemiology Reports (2016) is that standard TB control measures (prompt case finding and treatment of active disease) are insufficient for elimination. The Latent TB Infection (LTBI) Reservoir: The vast majority of active TB cases in California (>80%) stem from the reactivation of longstanding, untreated latent TB infections rather than recent transmission with

Targeted protein degraders (TPDs), including PROTACs, are emerging as a revolutionary therapeutic strategy for central nervous system (CNS) proteinopathies by leveraging the body's cellular machinery to completely destroy disease-causing misfolded proteins. However, delivering these chemical macromolecules across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a monumental challenge. Standard CNS drugs typically adhere to strict physicochemical parameters, such as low molecular weight

A new and large-scale trend of severe movement disorders has emerged in the United States and Canada, driven by the use of illicit synthetic opioids like fentanyl, often combined with methamphetamines or the veterinary sedative xylazine ("tranq"). Affected individuals frequently present with distinct, marked forward truncal and neck flexion while standing—postural abnormalities colloquially termed the "heroin hunch" or "fentanyl fold". While these abnormal, bent postures are

Understanding "Spice"-Induced Psychosis: A New Clinical Frontier Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), often sold under street names like "Spice" or "K2," have become a global public health concern due to their potent and often unpredictable psychiatric effects. Unlike natural cannabis, these laboratory-engineered molecules bind to brain receptors with much higher affinity, frequently triggering acute psychotic episodes characterized by severe agitation, aggression